ps. 方法一已测试，方法二未测试

方法一

列出可用的安全更新

sudo apt-get -s dist-upgrade | grep "^Inst" | grep -i securi

安装安全更新

sudo apt-get -s dist-upgrade | grep "^Inst" | grep -i securi | awk -F " " {'print $2'} | xargs apt-get install

方法二

列出可用的安全更新

sudo apt list --upgradable | grep -e "-security"

安装安全更新

sudo apt list --upgradable | grep -e "-security" | awk -F "/" '{print $1}' | xargs apt install